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App Notes General

Flavour and Fragrance Analysis Easy Heart-cut MDGC with Mass Spectrometric Detection in 1st and 2nd Dimension

02 July 2009

This article reports on multidimensional gas chromatography using a multi-Deans switch that allows easy heart-cutting.

ultrafleXtreme: Redefining MALDI-TOF-TOF Mass Spectrometry Performance

02 July 2009

The new ultrafleXtreme exceeds any current expectations on MALDI-TOF-TOF technology: A proprietary kHz smartbeam-II MALDI laser integrated with a novel FlashDetector and electronics makes it the only MALDI-TOF-TOF on the market to provide kHz acquisition in MS and MS–MS modes. It generates a new level of data quality in applications such as LC-MALDI proteomics, high resolution tissue imaging based biomarker discovery or top-down sequencing.

Fast Analysis of Tobacco Nitrosamines in Cigarettes by LC–MS–MS

02 July 2009

Tobacco specific nitrosamines (TSNA) are a group of carcinogens found only in tobacco products and are formed from nicotine and related alkaloids during the production and processing of tobacco and tobacco products.

Feasibility of Using ELSD to Trigger Fraction Collection in Small-scale Purification by SFC

02 July 2009

In many applications when comparing HPLC and SFC, one finds that SFC offers better selectivity and shorter analysis time as a result of the low viscosity and high diffusivity of supercritical fluids.

A Novel Approach for Sample Adsorption and Extraction Using A Monolithic Hybrid Adsorbent As A New Generation Medium

02 March 2009

Conventional media for sample adsorption and extraction, stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) are used in the form of a stirring bar or a fibre stick coated with an extracting polymer phase, for example, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Disadvantages of conventional media are their small surface area and thin polymer phase coating resulting in low recovery and low sensitivity and the need for a long extraction time.

GPC Analysis of Styrene/Isoprene Block Copolymers

02 December 2008

In contrast with random copolymers where two or more monomers are included in a polymer chain in a statistically random manner, block copolymers contain isolated blocks of what are essentially homopolymers linked at one or more terminal positions. This regulated structure produces materials with novel properties not observed in random copolymer analogues, typically associated with phase behaviour at interfaces. Such copolymers have been exploited for their surfactant characteristics and for their propensity to form isolated domains in thin films. The simplest block copolymers are AB diblocks consisting of two chains of different polymers (A and B) joined at one terminal. Triblock polymers contain three separate polymer chains connected in series, typically composed of two (ABA triblocks) or three (ABC) different types of polymer chain. Producing block copolymers with blocks with widely differing chemistries results in materials with very unusual properties.

Branching in High Molar Mass Synthetic Amyloses

02 December 2008

Amylose is an occasionally-branched biopolymer and, together with amylopectin, the hyper-branched component, a constituent of starch. Determination of branching in amylopectin on the basis of amyloses may be performed with the help of synthetic amyloses. Synthetic amyloses from enzymatic (phosphorolytic) reaction were checked for their linearity.

maXis High Resolution LC–MS Makes the Most of Ultrafast LC Separations

02 December 2008

An ultrafast gradient LC separation method was developed to separate a 5-component drug mixture in 30 seconds, with peak widths of 1 second. maXis mass accuracy at sub-ppm levels and true isotopic pattern of the spectra from the peaks lead to a confident elemental formula assignment for each drug compound with the SmartFormula algorithm.

The Analysis of Sulphur Components in Various LPGs

02 December 2008

The low level analysis of sulphur containing components such as H2S, COS and mercaptanes is challenging. First of all the system has to be inert; stainless steel adsorbs H2S and other sulphur containing components. Secondly, the column used must be able to separate the component of interest. Although a highly selective pulsed flame photometric detector is used in sulphur mode, the matrix tends to quench the PFPD signal.

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